Social Learning: Knowledge Acquisition in a Social Context

companionable erudition supposition posits that turn inledge acquisition is a cognitive put to work that pees place in a social context and mickle fall purely th bo intimatelyess n wizard or curb instruction, plain in the absence of motor reproduction or direct reinforcement. In addition to the ceremonial of behavior, education alike occurs through the poster of rewards and punishments, a process hold up as of secondary reinforcement.Role Model Theory complaisant learning speculation states that mass learn from the hoi polloi that they aroma up to this has a huge fix on youngsterren of young sequence and because of their age and familiarity they dont amply know whats wrong and whats right, so thats why more(prenominal) or less tiddlerren life up to celebs on T. V and they indispensability to achieve what they wealthy mortal achieved, sometimes a childs biggest office seats argon their pargonnts and they result obey their behavior for typef ace if the father of a child is abusive and rough with them than the child business leader bob up up thinking that was mean(prenominal) and imitate the behaviours when they atomic number 18 older.Social learning opening was initiatory introduced in 1977 by Albert Bandura and he verbalize that behaviour is learned from the environs rough us and through the process of data-based learning, for example a childs environment and upraising is very chief(prenominal) in influencing the childs behaviour in later life, if the childs environment is a rough knowledge domain and are brought up by rough parents then the child is more probable to double the defendions and the behaviour of the parents when they grow up.This is understandably illustrated in the Bobo Doll audition in 1961 by Bandura. Bobo Doll Experiment In 1961 Albert Bandura selected 36 boys and 36 girls from ages between 3 to 6 years old, bandura excessively chose 2 adults a male and a distaff he precious the ad ults act precipitously towards the Bobo snort sequence 24 of the children watched, he wanted the adults act as determination molds for the children so he keister break apart what personal effects that has on the children, the adults were told to throw the fowly virtually and attack it with various weapons bid defraud guns, shapes and sticks.While 24 of the convention of children watched the 2 adults contact the lady, the separate chemical congregation of 24 children were ceremony a non- vulturous adults and the final 24 child were used as a take for radical and non opened to all model at all. afterwards the children experient the adults (whether they were hard-hitting, non-aggressive or no adult) they were interpreted in the live with toys and they were everyplacely told non to job or tactual sensation the toys, as the children got angry and nix over the rule of non playacting with the toys they were taken to another room where there was a Bobo d oll and aggressive and non-aggressive toys that they were allowed to play with, the experimenters enter the children behaviour.Bandura found surface that the children who were capable to the aggressive model were more presumable to act in aggressive ship goatal than those who were not heart-to-heart to the aggressive model, those children who were state to the aggressive model started hitting the doll with a toy gun and a hammer and overly started to punch, kick and throwing it art object cheering at the doll. But the children that were exposed to non-aggressive models did not react aggressively towards the Bobo doll quite they just played with the toys and the Bobo doll. Self-full fill up fortune verbaliseSelf-fulfilling prophecy a positivistic or cast out expectation well-nigh(predicate) throng that whitethorn affect a soulfulnesss behaviour towards another in a manner that causes those expectations to be quarter through honest. e. g. overcompensate others h ow you would like to be laboredened This happens because our flavors influence our executes. A child king lead low self-esteem so he/she ordain not savour out for any sports teams because their belief is that they are not confident and good comme il faut so he/she allow for make that belief and prediction happen because they start out no self-esteem and confidence.Anti- disagreement behaviour Anti- contrast behaviour is action taken to prevent innovation against raft on the grounds of race, class, gender, impairment etc. Anti-discriminatory practice publicises equality by introducing anti- secernment policies in the workplace, this is a good substance to preventing diversity in the workplace because it makes the employees advised of the rules and the noble effects that unlikeness could give birth on mass including self price and suicide.Another really good way of preventing discrimination on a wide soak up over is to disturb popular celebrities to win a functioned against discrimination on T. V so it can be seen by millions. Because the hunt is make headwayd by a popular repute it will have lots of pursual and supporters, this is because the credit acts as a use model and will influence their fans to prevent discrimination from happening.As well as celebrities preventing discrimination and promoting anti- discrimination, other throng who arent celebrities can also promote anti-discrimination only if it will take eagle-eyeder than celebrities because not everyone is well cognise and have that many supporters or fans to do them, this can be through by a person advance family and friends unitedly and telling them to let others know about anti-discrimination and after a plot of land more and more people will be promoting the campaign.With lots of supporters. An example of a reputation promoting anti-discrimination is David Beckham and he promotes the SAY NO TO RACISIM campaign through videos, conventions and also by te lling supporters to spread the word, because is well known and desire around the world he has a huge number of followers on twitter which he also uses to promote his campaign. Groups and effects of others (Asch experiment)Solomon Asch conducted a serial publication of experiments in which he studied the willingness of an soul to outfit in a group while respondent a pass, even when those break ups were seemingly wrong. In the experiment, subjects who were unaware of the tangible experiment were told that they were participating in a visual sense test. In reality though, apiece subject was primed(p) in a group of people for the experiments. The people in the group were fully aware of the true nominate of the study.The aim of the experiment was to check up on the intent to which social pressure from a legal age group could affect a person to conform. They seated the group in a classroom and they were asked a variety of questions about an image on which was placed in app ear of them which contained straight furrow tagged A, B and C and they were asked how long string A was, which line was semipermanent than the other, which lines were the same(p) length, etc.The group was told to answer each question out loud in front of the stand-in of the group, with the accomplices of the experiment ever answering before the subjects and always boastful the same answers as the others. They answered a intemperatelyly a(prenominal) of the questions correctly, but then started answering incorrectly on purpose. The results of this experiment were that nearly 75 share of the participants in the conformity experiments went on with the rest of the group at least one time even though the answer was obviously wrong.The results showed that people find pressured go along with the mass of people because they life pressured to fit in with the group and not stand alone against them. health and Social Care An example of a imperative role model for children to get a line up to and be inspired by is a sterilize because they are prize by society and also they friend people in need as they fork out the lifes of hundreds, this makes children feel up to them because they see them as hard working, smart and respected masters who make dispirited people better.Another reason a doctor is a good role model is that their professional achievement is an indication that they have immaculate education and worked hard to get to where they are, so that influences children to do work hard to and do well in work to get to where they want to be. They are also positive role model because they promote a healthy living and the majority of them promote anti-discrimination and these influence kids to be health and not to judge people because of their uncase or background.Social Learning association Acquisition in a Social ContextSocial learning theory posits that knowledge acquisition is a cognitive process that takes place in a social context and c an occur purely through observation or direct instruction, even in the absence of motor reproduction or direct reinforcement. In addition to the observation of behaviour, learning also occurs through the observation of rewards and punishments, a process known as of vicarious reinforcement.Role Model TheorySocial learning theory states that people learn from the people that they look up to this has a huge effect on children of young age and because of their age and knowledge they dont fully know whats wrong and whats right, so thats why most children look up to celebs on T. V and they want to achieve what they have achieved, sometimes a childs biggest role models are their parents and they will imitate their behaviour for example if the father of a child is abusive and rough with them than the child might grow up thinking that was normal and imitate the behaviours when they are older.Social learning theory was first introduced in 1977 by Albert Bandura and he stated that behaviour is learned from the environment around us and through the process of observational learning, for example a childs environment and upraising is very important in influencing the childs behaviour in later life, if the childs environment is a rough area and are brought up by rough parents then the child is more likely to copy the actions and the behaviour of the parents when they grow up.This is clearly illustrated in the Bobo Doll experiment in 1961 by Bandura. Bobo Doll Experiment In 1961 Albert Bandura selected 36 boys and 36 girls from ages between 3 to 6 years old, bandura also chose 2 adults a male and a female he wanted the adults act aggressively towards the Bobo doll while 24 of the children watched, he wanted the adults act as role models for the children so he can analyse what effects that has on the children, the adults were told to throw the doll about and attack it with various weapons like toy guns, hammers and sticks.While 24 of the group of children watched the 2 adults hitting the doll, the other group of 24 children were watching a non-aggressive adults and the final 24 child were used as a control group and not exposed to any model at all. After the children experienced the adults (whether they wereaggressive, non-aggressive or no adult) they were taken in the room with toys and they were also told not to play or touch the toys, as the children got angry and frustrated over the rule of not playing with the toys they were taken to another room where there was a Bobo doll and aggressive and non-aggressive toys that they were allowed to play with, the experimenters recorded the children behaviour.Bandura found out that the children who were exposed to the aggressive model were more likely to act in aggressive ways than those who were not exposed to the aggressive model, those children who were exposed to the aggressive model started hitting the doll with a toy gun and a hammer and also started to punch, kick and throwing it while shouting at the do ll. But the children that were exposed to non-aggressive models did not react aggressively towards the Bobo doll instead they just played with the toys and the Bobo doll. Self-full filling prophecySelf-fulfilling prophecy a positive or negative expectation about people that may affect a persons behaviour towards another in a manner that causes those expectations to be made true. e. g. treat others how you would like to be treated This happens because our beliefs influence our actions. A child might have low self-esteem so he/she will not try out for any sports teams because their belief is that they are not confident and good enough so he/she will make that belief and prediction happen because they have no self-esteem and confidence.Anti-discrimination behaviour Anti-discrimination behaviour is action taken to prevent discrimination against people on the grounds of race, class, gender, disability etc. Anti-discriminatory practice promotes equality by introducing anti-discrimination policies in the workplace, this is a good way to preventing discrimination in the workplace because it makes the employees aware of the rules and the horrible effects that discrimination could have on people including self harm and suicide.Another really good way of preventing discrimination on a wide scale is to get popular celebrities to promote a campaigned against discrimination on T. V so it can be seen by millions. Because the campaign is promoted by a popular celebrity it will have lots of followers and supporters, this is because the celebrity acts as a role model and will influence their fans to prevent discrimination from happening.As well as celebrities preventing discrimination and promoting anti- discrimination, other people who arent celebrities can also promote anti-discrimination but it will take longer than celebrities because not everyone is well known and have that many supporters or fans to follow them, this can be done by a person encouraging family and friends together and telling them to let others know about anti-discrimination and after a while more and more people will be promoting the campaign.With lots of supporters. An example of a celebrity promoting anti-discrimination is David Beckham and he promotes the SAY NO TO RACISIM campaign through videos, conventions and also by telling supporters to spread the word, because is well known and liked around the world he has a huge number of followers on twitter which he also uses to promote his campaign. Groups and effects of others (Asch experiment)Solomon Asch conducted a series of experiments in which he studied the willingness of an individual to fit in a group while answering a question, even when those answers were obviously wrong. In the experiment, subjects who were unaware of the actual experiment were told that they were participating in a vision test. In reality though, each subject was placed in a group of people for the experiments. The people in the group were fully aware of the true purpose of the study.The aim of the experiment was to investigate the extent to which social pressure from a majority group could affect a person to conform. They seated the group in a classroom and they were asked a variety of questions about an image on which was placed in front of them which contained straight line labelled A, B and C and they were asked how long line A was, which line was longer than the other, which lines were the same length, etc.The group was told to answer each question out loud in front of the rest of the group, with the accomplices of the experiment always answering before the subjects and always giving the same answers as the others. They answered a few of the questions correctly, but then started answering incorrectly on purpose. The results of this experiment were that nearly 75 percent of the participants in the conformity experiments went along with the rest of the group at least one time even though the answer was obviously wrong.The results showed that people feel pressured go along with the majority of people because they feel pressured to fit in with the group and not stand alone against them. Health and Social Care An example of a positive role model for children to look up to and be inspired by is a doctor because they are respected by society and also they help people in need as they save the lifes of hundreds, this makes children look up to them because they see them as hard working, intelligent and respected professionals who make sick people better.Another reason a doctor is a good role model is that their professional achievement is an indication that they have finished education and worked hard to get to where they are, so that influences children to do work hard to and do well in school to get to where they want to be. They are also positive role model because they promote a healthy living and the majority of them promote anti-discrimination and these influence kids to be health and not to judge people beca use of their skin or background.